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微小RNA(micro RNA, mi RNA)、小干扰RNA(small interfering RNA, si RNA)和环状RNA(circular RNA, circ RNA)等非编码RNA(non-coding RNA, nc RNA)可通过对靶标基因表达的精准调控,维持生物体正常的功能,以及应对各类逆境胁迫。近年来,以此类RNA为目标的结构设计与基因表达调控逐渐成为生物技术领域的研究热点。本文综述了nc RNA二级和三级结构的特征、设计原则,以及其通过碱基配对形成发夹、茎环等结构元件,在转录后和翻译水平精准调控植物靶标基因表达等方面的最新研究进展;并对工程化nc RNA技术在作物生长发育、耐逆和抗病性调控等方面的应用前景和面临的挑战进行了展望。
Abstract:Non-coding RNA(nc RNA), such as micro RNA(mi RNA), small interfering RNA(si RNA) and circular RNA(circ RNA),play crucial roles in maintaining normal biological functions and helping organisms cope with various adverse stresses through finetuning the expression of target genes. In recent years, structural design and gene expression regulation targeting these RNAs have gradually become research hotspots in the field of biotechnology. In this review, we summarized recent advances in dynamic characteristics and design principles of nc RNA secondary and tertiary structures, as well as their application in precisely controlling target gene expression at both post-transcriptional and translational levels. Perspectives are finally proposed for the utilization potentials and challenges of engineered nc RNAs in the improvement of and development, stress tolerance and disease resistance.
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基本信息:
DOI:10.13417/j.gab.045.000545
中图分类号:Q943.2
引用信息:
[1]任晓宇,郭永杰,史庆华,等.非编码RNA结构设计及其在植物基因表达调控中的应用[J].基因组学与应用生物学,2026,45(03):545-557.DOI:10.13417/j.gab.045.000545.
基金信息:
山东省重点研发计划项目(2024TSGC0572、 2023LZGCQY02104); 国家自然科学基金面上项目(32272795); 山东省自然科学基金面上项目(ZR2022MC029); 山东蔬菜产业技术体系项目(SDARS-05)共同资助
2026-06-25
2026-06-25