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探讨不同湿地植物对COD、总氮、总磷和铵态氮的去除能力,为生活污水净化的相关植物筛选提供依据。选择美人蕉(Canna indica)、香蒲(Typha latifolia)、再力花(Thalia dealbata)、菖蒲(Acorus calamus)、水葱(Scirpus validus)、千屈菜(Lythrum salicaria)和芦苇(Phragmites australis)共7种常见湿地植物作为研究对象,通过建立人工湿地污水处理系统,考察不同植物在7个月内对COD、总氮、总磷和铵态氮的去除率,同时考察7种湿地植物的氮磷累积能力。结果显示,香蒲、芦苇和水葱具有较高的COD去除率,水葱、千屈菜和芦苇具有较高的总氮去除率,香蒲、水葱和千屈菜对总磷的去除率较高,水葱、香蒲和千屈菜对铵态氮的去除率较高。7种植物对COD的去除率在48月份呈逐渐上升趋势,此后开始下降;而对总氮的去除率则从48月份整体呈上升趋势,8~10月去除率稳定保持在较高水平;随着时间的延长,不同植物对总磷的去除率基本呈升高的趋势;不同植物对铵态氮的去除率在47月期间显著上升,此后去除率均维持在较高水平。7种湿地植物对氮的累积能力均显著高于磷。香蒲、水葱、芦苇和千屈菜对4种污染物具有较好的去除能力。不同植物对4种污染物的去除过程至少需要3个月,并且均在7和8月份具有较高的去除能力。美人蕉和芦苇与其他湿地植物相比,具有更高的氮磷累积能力。
Abstract：To explore the ability of different wetland plants to remove COD, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and ammonium nitrogen and provide the basis for the screening of relevant plants for domestic sewage purification.Seven species of Canna indica, Thalia dealbata, Typha latifolia, Acorus calamus, Scirpus validus, Phragmites australis and Lythrum salicaria were selected. The common wetland plants were selected as research objects. By establishing a constructed wetland sewage treatment system, the removal rates of COD, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and ammonium nitrogen of different plants within 7 months were investigated, and the nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation ability of the seven wetland plants. The results showed that Typha, Phragmites australis and Shui Cong had higher COD removal rate, while the water removal rate, Lythraceae and Phragmites australis had higher total nitrogen removal rate. The removal rate of Phosphorus by cattail, water onion and Lythrum officinale was higher, Water onion, cattail and lythrum on ammonium nitrogen removal rate higher. The removal rate of COD from seven species increased gradually from April to August and then began to decline. The removal rate of total nitrogen increased from April to August, while the removal rate from August to October remained relatively stable With the extension of time, the removal rate of total phosphorus by different plants tended to increase. The removal rate of ammonium nitrogen from different plants increased significantly from April to July, and the removal rate was maintained at a high level Level. The accumulation of nitrogen in seven wetland plants was significantly higher than that of phosphorus. Cattail, water onion, reed and Lythrum have good removal ability for 4 kinds of pollutants.Different plants on the 4 kinds of pollutants removal process requires at least 3 months, and both in July and August with high removal capacity. Canna and reed have higher nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation capacity than other wetland plants.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13417/j.gab.037.001621
中图分类号:X799.3
引用信息:
[1]张德喜.不同人工湿地植物对生活污水净化效果研究[J].基因组学与应用生物学,2018,37(04):1621-1628.DOI:10.13417/j.gab.037.001621.
基金信息:
河南水利与环境职业学院环境工程系资助
2018-04-25
2018-04-25