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5-氨基乙酰丙酸脱水酶(δ-aminoaevulinic acid dehydratase,ALAD)是生物体所有四吡咯化合物生物合成所必需的酶。目前,GenBank共记载了39种绿色植物的ALAD基因。本文采用生物信息学方法对其中常用的模式植物拟南芥、玉米、小麦、大豆、苜蓿以及葡萄、菠菜等植物的5-氨基乙酰丙酸脱水酶基因的核苷酸及其编码的蛋白氨基酸序列、组成成分、导肽、信号肽、跨膜结构域、疏水性/亲水性、蛋白质二级结构、三级结构及功能域等进行预测和分析,并构建了5-氨基乙酰丙酸脱水酶蛋白家族的系统进化树。结果表明,这几种植物的开放阅读框都在1 290 bp左右,分子量为47 kD左右,等电点(pI)值为5.57.0之间,ALAD蛋白呈中性至微酸性。含量最丰富的氨基酸为Ala、Leu、Val、Arg、Ser、Gly、Pro和Asp。研究还发现这些植物5-氨基乙酰丙酸脱水酶肽链表现出明显的疏水区和亲水区,不存在信号肽,有叶绿体转运肽;可能存在跨膜结构域。蛋白质二级结构中最主要的结构元件是无规则卷曲和α-螺旋,含有5-氨基乙酰丙酸脱水酶的活性结构域、ALAD-PGBS-aspartate-rich保守结构域、舍夫碱残基结构域和一个镁离子结合位点结构域。核苷酸同源性比对结果显示,拟南芥5-氨基乙酰丙酸脱水酶基因与其它植物的同源性较高;进化分析结果表明这些植物5-氨基乙酰丙酸脱水酶基因被分为六个大类。本工作可为今后深入研究植物5-氨基乙酰丙酸脱水酶的结构特征和功能提供一定的依据。
Abstract：δ-aminoaevulinic acid dehydratase is necessary to the biosynthesis of porphyrin compounds in all organisms.At present,39 greenery ALAD genes have been recorded in GenBank.In this paper,the nucleic acid sequences and amino acid sequences of ALAD gene from model plant,such as Arabidopsis thaliana,Zea may,Triticum urartu,Glycine max,Medicago truncatula,Vitis vinifera,and Spinacia oleracea were analyzed by bioinformatics,including the composition of nucleic acid sequences and amino acid sequences,leader peptides,signal peptide,trans-membrane topological structure,hydrohobicity or hydrophilicity,secondary structure,tertiary structure and functional domains of protein and so on.Phylogenetic tree was constructed for the δ-aminoaevulinic acid dehydratase protein family.Results showed that the open reading frame(ORF) of samples is about 1 290,the molecular weight is about 47 kD,the pI is 5.57.0 which illustrated that δ-aminoaevulinic acid dehydratase is neutral to slightly acidic.The most abundant amino acids residues are Ala,Leu,Val,Arg,Ser,Gly,Pro and Asp.The study also showed that the ALAD protein peptide of these plants showed obvious hydrophobicity area and hydrophilicity area,chloroplast transit peptide;may exists a small amount of trans-membrane topological structure,no signal peptide.The main secondary structures of the proteins are random coil and Alpha helix.All these proteins have active site,Schiff base residues,aspartate-rich active site metal binding site and Allosteric magnesium binding site.The nucleotide homology comparison indicated that Arabidopsis thaliana shared a high homology with other plants.Evolutionary analysis demonstrated that these proteins can be classified into six clusters.Those works would provide the basis for further study of the function and structure characteristis of δ-aminoaevulinic acid dehydratase in future.
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基本信息:
中图分类号:Q943.2
引用信息:
[1]龙芳,李绍鹏,李茂富.7种植物ALAD基因的生物信息学分析[J].基因组学与应用生物学,2013,32(06):802-814.
基金信息:
海南大学青年基金项目(qujj1160);; 国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(31301738);; 农业部热作技术推广与培训项目(13RZNJ-31)共同资助
2013-12-28
2013-12-28