基因组学与应用生物学

为了探讨综合性护理干预在骨科手术患者下肢静脉血栓(DVT)预防中的应用价值,本研究选取了2015年1月至2016年12月之间在我院进行手术的骨科手术患者1 027例,作为实验研究对象。按手术进行的时间将患者分为对照组和研究组,对照组为2015年1月至2015年12月接受手术治疗的487例患者,研究组为2016年1月至2016年12月接受治疗的540例患者。对照组根据《中国骨科大手术静脉血栓栓塞症预防指南》对患者下肢DVT危险度进行分层,根据危险度给予对应的预防措施和常规护理,研究组在对照组的基础上给予综合护理干预。观察2组在术后3个月内DVT发生率、发生时间、入院时与出院时下肢DVT防治知识得分、出院后物理预防措施的依从性。研究显示研究组在时间依从性、次数依从性、出院时下肢DVT防治知识得分均显著高于对照组(p<0.05);研究组住院期间下肢DVT发生率低于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(p>0.05),出院后下肢DVT发生率和总下肢DVT发生率均显著低于对照组(p<0.05)。研究表明综合护理干预有助于提高骨科手术患者的DVT防治知识水平,增加出院后DVT预防的依从性,降低下肢DVT发生率。

To explore the value of comprehensive nursing intervention in the prevention of venous thrombosis of lower extremities in patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery, in this study, 1 027 orthopaedic patients who underwent orthopaedic surgery from January 2015 to December 2016 in our hospital were selected as experimental subjects. The patients were divided into control group and study group according to the time of operation, the control group consisted of 487 patients who received surgical treatment from January 2015 to December 2015, and the study group consisted of 540 patients treated from January 2016 to December 2016. In the control group, the lower limb DVT risk was stratified according to the guidelines for the Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism in large Orthopaedic surgery in China, and the corresponding preventive measures and routine nursing were given according to the risk. The study group was given comprehensive nursing intervention on the basis of the control group. The incidence of DVT, the time of occurrence, the score of lower limb DVT prevention and treatment knowledge at admission and discharge, and the compliance of physical preventive measures after discharge were observed in the two groups. The results showed that the scores of time compliance, frequency compliance and lower limb DVT knowledge were significantly higher in the study group than those in the control group(p<0.05).The incidence of lower extremity DVT in the study group was lower than that in the control group, but there was no significant difference(p>0.05). The incidence of lower extremity DVT and total lower extremity DVT after discharge were significantly lower than those in the control group(p<0.05). The study shows that comprehensive nursing intervention can improve the knowledge of DVT prevention and treatment, increase the compliance of DVT prevention after discharge, and reduce the incidence of lower extremity DVT in orthopedic patients.