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羊乳是一种理想的牛乳过敏症患者的替代乳品,TALEN和CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术是羊乳"人源化"改造的两大利器,能够与核酸内切酶相结合,特异性识别并结合生物体基因位点,切割DNA双链,导致双链断裂。通过同源重组(homologous recombination, HR)或非同源末端连接(non-homologous end joining,NHEJ),可以对哺乳动物乳蛋白基因或其他生物体基因组进行定向精确修饰,具有简单、高效、精准、定向等特点,是近年来一种新兴的生物技术,被广泛应用于基因工程、动植物遗传育种及其他生物医学各领域。但在羊乳"人源化"改造中的应用综述研究尚未见报道,故本文主要对这两种基因编辑技术的基本结构与作用机理、发展历史、羊乳基因编辑研究进展、本课题组研究现状及展望进行综述,以期为相关研究提供参考。
Abstract：Goat milk is an ideal substitute for milk allergy patients. TALEN and CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technologies were two edge tools for human-based transformation of goat milk. It can combine with endonuclease,which recognizes and combines gene locus of organism specifically, and cuts DNA double strand. It causes double strand break, and the repair approaches of homologous recombination(HR) or nonhomologous end joining(NHEJ)were used for editing. The mammalian milk protein genes or other organism genomes were modified precisely and orientatively, which were simple, efficient, precise and directional. It was a new biotechnology in recent years and widely used in gene engineering, animal and plant genetic breeding and other biomedical fields. However, there is no report on the application of these two gene editing technologies in the "humanization" of goat milk. In this review, in order to provide reference value for relevant researchers, we summarized the basic structure and mechanism, development history, research progress of goat milk gene editing, study status of our research group and prospects of the two gene editing technologies.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13417/j.gab.040.001584
中图分类号:Q78
引用信息:
[1]宋绍征,张婷,陆睿,等.羊乳“人源化”改造的两大利器——TALEN和CRISPR/Cas9的应用研究进展[J].基因组学与应用生物学,2021,40(04):1584-1589.DOI:10.13417/j.gab.040.001584.
基金信息:
江苏省高校自然科学基金面上项目(19KJB180030); 国家转基因生物新品种培育重大专项(2014ZX08008-004); 江苏高校哲学社会科学研究一般项目(2019SJA0808)共同资助
2021-04-25
2021-04-25