基因组学与应用生物学

利用SX-MOFLO精子分离设备分离奶牛XY精子,将分离后的奶牛X精子冷冻保存。探讨奶牛X性控冻精解冻后存活时间、不同方法进行人工授精的受胎率,为奶牛X性控冻精的大规模推广应用提供依据。方法与结果:(1)取不同种公牛、不同批次的X性控冻精及普通冻精解冻后倒入5 mL试管内摇匀,至37°C水浴锅中,每2 h检测一次精子活力,4 h后每小时检测一次精子活力,直至无运动精子。结果奶牛X性控冻精存活时间为5~12 h,比同种普通精子的存活时间短2~10 h。(2)应用奶牛X性控冻精人工授精的母牛的情期受胎率(59.4%=342/576)与普通冻精的情期受胎率(60.6%=129/213)相比,无显著差异(P>0.05)。奶牛X性控冻精母犊出生准确率93.3%(319/342),极显著地高于普通冻精48.8%(63/129)的母犊率(P<0.001)。且应用奶牛X性控冻精人工授精后的青年牛的情期受胎率(6 5.6%=2 4 0/3 6 6)极显著的高于经产牛的情期受胎率(4 8.6%=1 0 2/2 1 0)(P<0.001)。(3)在母牛发情结束后6⁸ h左右进行人工授精,其情期受胎率为67.1%(116/173),显著地高于在母牛发情开始后8¹ 2 h进行人工授精5 6.1%(2 2 6/4 0 3)的情期受胎率(P<0.0 1)。(4)在准确判断母牛卵巢上卵泡发育状态的前提下,将精液全部输至发育侧子宫角大弯处,其情期受胎率62.7%(289/461),高于母牛每侧子宫角输1/2支X性控冻精46.1%(53/115)的情期受胎率,但二者之间差异不显著(P<0.05)。研究结果表明应用奶牛X性控冻精进行人工授精,其受胎率与奶牛的经产与否、授精时间和输精部位有关。

Dairy bull semens were collected and applied for X/Y sperm separation by SX-MOFLO flow cytometry/cell sorting,and then sexed X-sperms were frozen used for this study.Survival time of frozen sexed X-sperm in vitro was 5 h to 12 h after thawing,which was shorter 2 h to 10 h than that examined at no-sexed semen.There was no significant difference between the conception rates of sexed Xsemen(59.4%=342/576) and no-sexed ones(60.6%=129/213) following artificial insemination(P>0.05).The accuracy rate of producing female dairy calves in X-semen group is93.3%in total(319/342).Furthermore the conception rates of dairy heifers and cows by sexed X-semen artificial insemination(AI) were(65.6%=240/366) and(48.6% =102/210),respectively,the group of dairy heifers was significantly higher than that of diary cow(P<0.001).The results were also showing the conception rates of frozen sexed X-semen related to the inseminate time of recipient estrous cycle and the injected position of uterus.