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低氧环境和运动训练均可导致人体体重降低,然而,低氧结合中强度训练对肥胖人群能量代谢及氧化应激的影响尚不清楚。本研究招募了60名无系统运动训练史的健康男性大学生,将受试者分为低氧组和常氧组,每组30名。在一个110 m2的训练室内通过低氧训练系统模拟人工低氧环境(海拔高度:2 500 m,氧浓度:15%)。两组受试者进行1个月的低氧/常氧中强度骑行训练。此外,对低氧和常氧中强度训练的大鼠进行力竭跑台运动测试,苏木精和伊红(HE)染色评价大鼠骨骼肌形态学变化,RT-PCR检测低氧诱导因子1α(HIF-1α) mRNA的表达。研究显示,运动后低氧组的体重、脂肪重量和BMI均显著低于常氧组(p<0.05)。运动后低氧组的血清TC、HDL-C和LDL-C含量均显著低于常氧组(p<0.05),而总TG含量与常氧组无显著差异(p>0.05)。运动后,低氧组的游离脂肪酸含量显著高于常氧组(p<0.05),两组血糖无显著差异(p>0.05)。运动后,低氧组的SOD和GSH-PX水平显著高于常氧组(p<0.05),而MDA水平显著低于常氧组(p<0.05)。运动后,低氧组的IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α水平显著低于常氧组(p<0.05)。力竭运动后,低氧组大鼠的骨骼肌形态学改变异常情况明显低于常氧组。低氧组的HIF-1αm RNA水平显著高于常氧组。本研究表明,与常氧相比,低氧中强度训练可有效降低肥胖人群的血脂水平,促进脂肪动员,减弱氧化应激损伤,抑制促炎细胞因子表达,从而促进体重减轻,并防止糖尿病、高血脂等肥胖相关疾病的发生。此外,低氧中强度可通过上调HIF-1α来提高机体抗氧化能力并减弱运动损伤。
Abstract：Both hypoxic environment and exercise training can cause weight loss in human body.However,the effect of hypoxia combined with medium intensity training on energy metabolism and oxidative stress in obese people is still unclear.The study enrolled 60 healthy male college students with no systematic exercise training history.The subjects were divided into hypoxia group and normoxia group,30 in each group.The artificial hypoxic environment(altitude:2 500 m,oxygen concentration:15%) was simulated by a hypoxic training system in a 110 m2 training room.Two groups of subjects underwent 1-month hypoxic/normal oxygen mid-intensity cycling training.In addition,the rats with hypoxia and normoxia moderate intensity training were subjected to exhaustive treadmill exercise test,hematoxylin and eosin(HE) staining were used to evaluate the morphological changes of rat skeletal muscle,and expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α(HIF-1α) mRNA was detected by RT-PCR.Studies showed that body weight,fat weight,and BMI were significantly lower in the hypoxic group after exercise than in the normoxic group(p<0.05).The serum levels of TC,HDL-C and LDL-C in the hypoxic group were significantly lower than those in the normoxic group(p<0.05),but the total TG content was not significantly different from the normoxic group(p>0.05).After exercise,the free fatty acid content in the hypoxic group was significantly higher than that in the normoxic group(p<0.05),and there was no significant difference in blood glucose between the two groups(p>0.05).After exercise,the levels of SOD and GSH-PX in the hypoxic group were significantly higher than those in the normoxic group(p<0.05),while the MDA level was significantly lower than that in the normoxic group(p<0.05).After exercise,the levels of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α in the hypoxic group were significantly lower than those in the normoxic group(p<0.05).After exhaustive exercise,the morphological changes of skeletal muscle in the hypoxic group were significantly lower than those in the normoxic group.The HIF-1α m RNA level in the hypoxic group was significantly higher than that in the normoxic group.This study showed that,compared with normoxia,hypoxic moderate intensity training could effectively reduce the blood lipid level of obese people,promote fat mobilization,reduce oxidative stress injury,inhibit the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines,thereby promoting weight loss and preventing obesity-related diseases such as diabetes and hyperlipidemia.In addition,hypoxic moderate intensity training could increase the body's antioxidant capacity and reduce exercise damage by up-regulating HIF-1α.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13417/j.gab.039.000270
中图分类号:R87
引用信息:
[1]马莉.低氧中强度训练可通过上调HIF-1α来提高机体抗氧化能力[J].基因组学与应用生物学,2020,39(01):270-277.DOI:10.13417/j.gab.039.000270.
基金信息:
河南省教育技术装备和实践教育研究课题(GZS084);; 河南省教育厅教技装[2016]35号共同资助
2020-01-25
2020-01-25