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长江中下游地区生境多样，是陈氏新银鱼(Neosalanx tangkahkeii)的核心分布区域。为深入了解不同生境下陈氏新银鱼的遗传多样性和遗传分化情况，本研究利用线粒体细胞色素c氧化酶Ⅰ(cytochrome c oxidaseⅠ,COⅠ)基因序列作为遗传标记，对来自长江中下游泰州(Taizhou, TZ)、南京(Nanjing, NJ)、安庆(Anqing, AQ)、湖口(Hukou, HK)4个江段，以及鄱阳湖(Poyang Lake, PY)和洞庭湖(Dongting Lake, DT)2个通江湖泊的6个陈氏新银鱼群体进行了遗传多样性研究。研究结果表明，6个群体共检测出12个单倍型，单倍型多样性范围和核苷酸多样性范围分别为0.074～0.725, 0.000 28～0.002 02。6个群体的遗传多样性水平表现为PY群体最高，DT群体次之，然后依次是NJ、 AQ、 TZ和HK群体，群体间的遗传距离范围为0.000 46～0.001 96, NJ和PY群体之间的遗传距离最大，AQ群体和HK群体之间的遗传距离最小，不符合地理分布格局。群体间遗传分化系数Fst及遗传距离分析结果表明，PY和DT群体与其他群体的遗传距离相对较远。分子系统树和单倍型网络进化分析显示，PY和DT群体聚为一个分支。AMOVA分析发现，遗传变异主要来自群体内，中性检验、错配分布图及BSP(Bayesian skyline plot)结果表明陈氏新银鱼群体可能出现过群体扩张。
Abstract：The middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, with its diverse habitats, are the core distribution area of Neosalanx tangkahkeii. To better understand the genetic diversity and genetic differentiation of N. tangkahkeii in different habitats, this study utilized mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase Ⅰ(COⅠ) gene sequences as genetic markers to investigate the genetic diversity of six N. tangkahkeii populations from four river sections in the middle and lower Yangtze River, namely Taizhou(TZ), Nanjing(NJ), Anqing(AQ), and Hukou(HK), as well as two connecting lakes, Poyang Lake(PY) and Dongting Lake(DT). The results revealed 12 haplotypes in 6 populations, and the haplotype diversity range and nucleotide diversity range were 0.074 to 0.725, 0.000 28 to 0.002 02, respectively. The level of genetic diversity of the six populations showed the highest in PY, followed by DT population, and then NJ, AQ, TZ, and HK polulations, in that order. Genetic distances between populations range from 0.000 46 to 0.001 96, with the greatest genetic distance observed between the NJ and PY populations, and the smallest between the AQ and HK populations, which did not align with the geographic distribution pattern. Genetic differentiation coefficients Fst and genetic distance analyses showed that the PY and DT populations were relatively distant from the other populations. Phylogenetic tree and haplotype network analyses indicated that the PY and DT populations clustered into a single branch. AMOVA analysis showed that genetic variation was primarily attributed to within-population diversity. The neutrality test, mismatch distribution, and Bayesian skyline plot(BSP) results suggest that the N. tangkahkeii populations may have undergone a population expansion.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13417/j.gab.044.000846
中图分类号:S917.4
引用信息:
[1]袁佳,方弟安,刘宝兴,等.基于COⅠ基因分析长江中下游陈氏新银鱼群体遗传多样性[J].基因组学与应用生物学,2025,44(08):846-855.DOI:10.13417/j.gab.044.000846.
基金信息:
国家淡水水产种质资源库项目(FGRC18537); 中国水产科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2023TD65)共同资助
2025-08-25
2025-08-25