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盐碱、干旱等非生物胁迫会降低作物产量，影响作物品质。葡糖磷酸变位酶(phosphoglucomutase, PGM)在植物中主要参与蔗糖代谢与淀粉合成，对植物的生长发育起重要调控作用。现有研究表明，PGM基因可能在植物非生物胁迫应答中发挥特定的作用，但目前对于PGM基因如何响应逆境胁迫尚无报道。本研究通过农杆菌介导的遗传转化方法获得了超量表达拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)PGM(AtPGM)的转基因拟南芥，将其与pgm突变体和野生型(Col-0)的表型进行比较，研究了AtPGM调控植株耐盐性方面的作用。结果表明：(1)在拟南芥中超量表达AtPGM显著降低了植株对盐胁迫的抗性，过表达株系在盐胁迫下的存活率显著降低，而pgm突变体的耐盐性显著增强；(2)在盐胁迫下，pgm突变体中花青素苷合成基因的表达水平高于过表达和野生型植株的，同时，叶片中表现出花青素显著积累的表型；(3)盐胁迫下，过表达株系叶片中的丙二醛和过氧化氢含量显著升高，pgm突变体中的则显著降低；(4)与野生型相比，盐胁迫下pgm突变体株系的种子萌发速率显著上升，而过表达株系的种子萌发则显著被盐抑制；(5)进一步研究盐胁迫下ABA合成、代谢及信号转导相关基因表达变化后发现，pgm突变体中ABA合成基因ABA1、 ABA信号转导基因ABI5的表达有明显的升高趋势，表明pgm突变体耐盐性的提高可能部分是由于ABA的累积。以上结果说明，pgm突变体具有较高的耐盐性，而AtPGM转基因拟南芥对盐胁迫的敏感性明显提高，AtPGM可能通过调控植物的氧化还原稳态来参与拟南芥对非生物胁迫的响应。该研究为后续PGM基因功能研究奠定基础，同时也为植物抗逆基因工程改良提供候选基因。
Abstract：Abiotic stresses such as salinity and drought can reduce crop yield and affect crop quality. Phosphoglucomutase(PGM) is a key enzyme in biological metabolism, which is mainly involved in sucrosemetabolism and starch synthesis in plants, and plays an important role in regulating plant growth and development. Studies have shown that PGM gene may play a specific role in plant abiotic stress response, but there is no report on how PGM gene responds to stress. This study obtained transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana with overexpression of A. thaliana PGM(AtPGM) through Agrobacterium mediated genetic transformation. The phenotype of the transgenic A. thaliana was compared with that of pgm mutant and wild type(Col-0), and the role of AtPGM in regulating plant salt tolerance was investigated. The results showed that:(1) Overexpression of AtPGM in A. thaliana significantly reduced plant resistance to salt stress, and the survival rate of overexpression lines under salt stress was significantly reduced, while the salt tolerance of pgm mutant was significantly enhanced;(2) Under salt stress, the expression level of anthocyanin synthesis gene in pgm mutant was higher than that in overexpressed and wild type plants, and the phenotype showed significant accumulation of anthocyanin in leaves;(3) Malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide content in leaves of overexpressed lines increased significantly under salt stress, but significantly decreased in pgm mutants;(4) Compared with the wildtype, the germination rate of pgm mutant lines under salt stress was significantly increased, while the germination of overexpression lines was significantly inhibited by salt;(5) Further studies on the expression changes of ABA synthesis, metabolism and signal transduction genes under salt stress showed that the expression of ABA synthesis gene ABA1 and ABA signal transduction gene ABI5 increased significantly in pgm mutants, suggesting that the improved salt tolerance of pgm mutants may be partly due to the accumulation of ABA. These results indicate that pgm mutants have high salt tolerance, and AtPGM transgenic A. thaliana is significantly more sensitive to salt stress. AtPGM may be involved in the response of A. thaliana to abiotic stress by regulating redox homeostasis. This study lays a foundation for subsequent functional studies of AtPGM gene, and also provides candidate genes for stress resistance gene engineering improvement.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13417/j.gab.042.000471
中图分类号:Q945.78
引用信息:
[1]李丽杰,胥佳静,吴雯霏,等.拟南芥葡萄糖磷酸变位酶(PGM)基因调控植株耐盐性的功能研究[J].基因组学与应用生物学,2023,42(05):471-480.DOI:10.13417/j.gab.042.000471.
基金信息:
广西壮族自治区自然科学基金项目(2021GXNSFBA220062,桂科AD22035175); 国家自然科学基金项目(32001345)共同资助
2023-02-16
2023-02-16
2023-02-16