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塑料凭借其优越的特性，在人类生活中被广泛应用，其中聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(polyethylene terephthalate, PET)的应用范围极为广泛。PET的不当处理严重影响生态系统，干扰动植物生存，因此，PET的降解与处理已成为亟待解决的紧迫议题。生物降解法因其绿色环保的特性，成为处理PET的有效方法，其中酶解法作用高效、条件温和，符合清洁理念，是目前的研究热点。本文主要综述了酯酶、脂肪酶、角质酶和PET水解酶等降解PET常用酶的相关研究，并基于不同PET降解酶结构和功能的差异，重点阐述降解机制及限制因素以及提高PET降解效率的研究情况，为未来开发高效的降解酶技术提供新思路。
Abstract：Plastic is widely used in human life due to its unique superior characteristics, among which polyethylene terephthalate(PET) has a wide range of applications. The improper handling of PET seriously affects the ecosystem and interferes with the survival of animals and plants. Therefore, the degradation and treatment of PET have become an urgent issue that needs to be addressed. Biodegradation has become an effective method for treating PET due to its green environmental protection, and the enzymatic hydrolysis method has high efficiency, operates under mild conditions, and conforms to the concept of cleanliness, making it a current research hotspot. This paper mainly summarizes the relevant research on commonly used enzymes for PET degradation, such as esterase, lipase, cutinase and PET hydrolase. Based on the differences in the structure and function of different PET degrading enzymes, we focus on the degradation mechanism and limiting factors, improve the degradation efficiency of PET, and provide new ideas for the development of efficient degradation enzyme technologies in the future.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13417/j.gab.044.000781
中图分类号:TQ925;X705
引用信息:
[1]董心雨,吴昊.PET塑料降解酶及其降解效率研究进展[J].基因组学与应用生物学,2025,44(08):781-790.DOI:10.13417/j.gab.044.000781.
基金信息:
湖南省科技创新计划项目(2023RC3137)资助
2025-06-27
2025-06-27
2025-06-27