广西师范大学生命科学学院;广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所,广西喀斯特植物保育与恢复生态学重点实验室;广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所,广西植物功能物质与资源持续利用重点实验室;中南林业大学林学院;
为探索适应不同生境基质植物基因组特征变异规律，本研究以生长在喀斯特石灰岩上特有种广西天葵(Semiaquilegia guangxiensis)和与之近缘且主要生长在泥土上的广布种天葵(Semiaquilegia adoxoides)为研究对象，利用流式细胞术和基于二代测序的基因组Survey分析，评估基因组大小、杂合率、重复序列、 GC含量和倍性，比较和分析基因组特征差异。流式细胞术预估广西天葵和天葵的基因组大小分别为392.12 Mb、 337.68 Mb。K-mer分析预估两者基因组大小分别为390.68 Mb、341.12 Mb,杂合率分别为0.54%、 0.08%,重复序列分别为52.40%、 47.70%,预测两者均为二倍体。基因组初步组装得到两者基因组大小分别为311.62 Mb、 264.24 Mb, GC含量分别为36.47%、 36.34%,经BUSCO评估组装完整性相对较好。以上结果表明，专性生长在喀斯特石灰岩的广西天葵的基因组大小、杂合度、重复序列均高于分布广泛的天葵。对基因组进行重复序列注释和功能分析显示，广西天葵的重复序列和转座子比例均比天葵高，广西天葵重复序列功能注释到了氧化还原、能量代谢、次生代谢物合成、调控Ca2+、细胞壁合成等条目，这可能与其适应喀斯特生境有关。本研究为天葵属植物的全基因组测序、组装和精细图谱绘制进而解析适应不同生境的分子机理奠定基础，也为资源保护和开发利用提供参考。
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13417/j.gab.044.000355
中图分类号:Q943.2;S567.239
引用信息:
[1]莫晓芫,张强,黄夕洋等.适应喀斯特与非喀斯特生境的两种天葵属植物的基因组特征研究[J].基因组学与应用生物学,2025,44(04):355-369.DOI:10.13417/j.gab.044.000355.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金项目(32260045); 广西自然科学基金项目(2022GXNSFBA035450); 广西喀斯特植物保育与恢复生态学重点实验室项目(22-035-26)共同资助