基因组学与应用生物学

广西栽培龙眼沿用实生苗,投产迟。改用嫁接苗可提早丰产。作者近几年来在产区调查结果表明,龙眼嫁接树具有早结、早丰产的生物学基础。我区三个主要龙眼品种树冠年生长量均达70厘米。广眼品种嫁接树四年生开始投产,树冠2米以上,健壮末次梢60—100条,成穗率达80％以上,单株产量8—15公斤,单果重9—10克,可溶性固形物23％,品质优良,已达到早结、丰产、优质的生产要求。

The longan trees grown in Guangxi were generally propagated by seeds. The begining of fruiting was delayed. It can start earlier and gain greater yield, if the growers change to plant grafted trees. After a several years suryey in longan growing area, the author made the investigation clear that the early fruiting and high yield of the gra- fted longan trees had their biological basis. The annual crown growth rate of the grafted trees of three main longan varieties in Guangxi all reached 70 cm. Among them the var. "Big Eye" began to fruit in the fourth year after planting, the crown at that time were more than 2 meters in diameter, and the number of the strong final shoots attained 60 to 100. The percentage of the inflorescence formation were over 80%. The yield of single tree can attain 8—15 kg; the weight of single fruit was 9—10 g; the soluble solids was 23%; and their quality was good. The requirement of early fruiting, high yield and good quality of longan trees can be satisfied.